3月4日消息，美东时间凌晨12:01，特朗普政府宣布对原产于中国的商品额外加征10%关税的新政令正式生效。这是继2月1日美国对华加征10%关税后，本年度第二次提高关税税率，累计加征幅度已达20%。叠加此前“301调查”实施的25%关税，中国输美商品最高综合税率将达45%，而钢铁产品更因多重条款叠加面临70%的惩罚性关税。
国务院关税税则委员会发布将莱多斯公司、吉布斯和考克斯公司等15家美国实体列入出口管制管控名单，并对美国鸡肉、小麦等29类进口商品加征15%关税，对高粱、大豆等711类进口商品加征10%关税。（详细名单，请关注“优品跨境物流”公众号，回复“加征关税”获取）
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (IEEPA), the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.), section 604 of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended (19 U.S.C. 2483), and section 301 of title 3, United States Code, I hereby determine and order:
Section 1. Background. With Executive Order 14195 of February 1, 2025 (Imposing Duties to Address the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People’s Republic of China), I determined that the failure of the Government of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) to act to blunt the sustained influx of synthetic opioids, including fentanyl, flowing from the PRC to the United States constituted an unusual and extraordinary threat, which has its source in substantial part outside the United States, to the national security, foreign policy, and economy of the United States. To address that threat, I invoked my authority under section 1702(a)(1)(B) of IEEPA to impose ad valorem tariffs on articles that are products of the PRC, as defined by the Federal Register notice described in section 2(d) of Executive Order 14195, as amended by Executive Order 14200 of February 5, 2025 (Amendment to Duties Addressing the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People’s Republic of China).
Pursuant to section 3 of Executive Order 14195, I have determined that the PRC has not taken adequate steps to alleviate the illicit drug crisis through cooperative enforcement actions, and that the crisis described in Executive Order 14195 has not abated.
Sec. 2. Amendment. In recognition of the fact that the PRC has not taken adequate steps to alleviate the illicit drug crisis, section 2(a) of Executive Order 14195 is hereby amended by striking the words “10 percent” and inserting in lieu thereof the words “20 percent”.
Sec. 3. General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:
(i) the authority granted by law to an executive department, agency, or the head thereof; or
(ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
(b) This order shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.
(c) This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
中国外交部发言人此前表示，中方多次表明了立场，始终认为贸易战、关税战没有赢家。中方始终坚定维护国家利益。中国商务部发言人此前也表示，中方在关税问题上的立场是一贯的。关税措施不利于中美双方，也不利于整个世界。
中国、墨西哥和加拿大是美国前三大贸易伙伴，2024年三者合计占美国进口总额的40%以上。特朗普宣布一系列关税举措后，多国纷纷宣布反制措施，而为应对关税政策，众多企业已从供应链多元化调整、加大本土政策及研发支持、产业链合作与整合等方面启动布局。
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